An Overview of Basal Cell Carcinomas
Australia’s vibrant sunshine is a national treasure. But with all that sunshine comes a responsibility to protect our skin — especially since Australia has one of the highest rates of skin cancer in the world.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common type of skin cancer, is a concern that can’t be ignored.
The good news is that basal cell carcinoma BCC treatment is highly effective when detected early. This post aims to empower readers with knowledge about this condition, helping you recognise potential risks and prioritise your skin health.
Quick Facts on Basal Cells
Basal cells are among the main types of cells found in the deepest layer of the epidermis, the outermost part of the skin.
These small, round cells are responsible for the regeneration and renewal of the skin. They continuously produce new skin cells, pushing older cells toward the surface — where they eventually die and are shed.
How Does Basal Skin Cancer Develop?
Basal cells create new cells by copying and replicating themselves to replace those that reach the end of their lifespan.
This process is controlled by your genes, which provide DNA instructions for cell production. When a mutation affects these genes, the DNA may no longer give proper instructions — leading to abnormal cell growth.
Basal cell carcinoma usually develops due to excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, either from sunlight or tanning beds.
In rare cases, BCC may also develop in childhood due to an inherited condition called basal cell nevus syndrome (Gorlin’s syndrome).
Four Types of Basal Carcinoma
There are different types of basal cell carcinomas, including:
- Nodular – the most common type; appears as a round, shiny bump with visible blood vessels (telangiectasia)
- Superficial – presents as shallow, slightly lighter patches, often on the torso, arms, or legs
- Morpheaform (sclerosing) – scar-like lesions that slowly expand, commonly found on the face
- Pigmented – a less common type that appears darker due to increased pigmentation
Basal cell carcinoma BCC treatment may vary depending on the type and extent of the cancer, which we’ll discuss further below.
How Serious Is Basal Skin Cancer?
Basal skin cancer accounts for around 70% of non-melanoma skin cancers in Australia, according to the Cancer Council.
It typically grows slowly and is not life-threatening in most cases. However, it should not be ignored.
If left untreated, BCC can:
- Grow deeper into the skin
- Invade surrounding tissues, nerves, and blood vessels
- Become disfiguring, especially on visible areas like the face
In rare cases, aggressive forms of BCC may spread to other parts of the body.
Early detection is key, as untreated basal cell carcinomas can become more serious over time.
Who Is at High Risk of Basal Cell Carcinoma?
People of all skin types can develop basal skin cancer. However, certain factors can increase your risk:
- Chronic UV exposure – including long-term sun exposure and severe sunburns
- Exposure to chemicals (e.g. arsenic) – found naturally in the environment or certain occupations
- Fair skin – including those who burn easily or have light hair and eyes
- Family or personal history of skin cancer
- Use of immune-suppressing medications
- Increasing age – although BCC is becoming more common in younger adults
Understanding these risk factors can help with early detection and prevention.
What Are the Signs and Symptoms of BCC?
Basal cell carcinoma often appears as a noticeable change in the skin, such as a growth or a sore that doesn’t heal.
Common signs include:
- A shiny or pearly bump (white, pink, brown, or black depending on skin tone)
- A lesion with dark spots and a slightly raised border
- A white, waxy, scar-like area with no clear edges
- A flat, scaly patch that may slowly grow larger
Important: Any spot that is growing, bleeding, or changing should be checked by a dermatologist.
What Are the Treatments for Basal Cell Carcinoma BCC?
There are several effective basal cell carcinoma BCC treatment options, especially when detected early. Most procedures can be performed on an outpatient basis.
These include:
- Cryosurgery
- Electrosurgery (curettage and electrodesiccation)
- Surgical excision
- Laser surgery
- Mohs surgery
- Photodynamic therapy
- Radiation therapy
- Topical medications
- Medications for advanced BCC
Your dermatologist will recommend the most suitable treatment based on the size, type, and location of the cancer.
What Happens If BCC Is Left Untreated?
Although BCC grows slowly, leaving it untreated can lead to more serious complications.
It may:
- Spread deeper into the skin
- Damage surrounding tissue
- Require more complex treatment later
Early treatment is always the best approach.
Schedule a Full Skin Examination at Pymble Dermatology
Adopting sun-safe practices can help protect your skin and reduce your risk of basal cell carcinoma.
- Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen daily
- Seek shade during peak sun hours
- Wear protective clothing
If you notice any unusual changes in your skin, it’s important to act early. Book an appointment with one of our dermatologists for a comprehensive skin cancer screening and early detection.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Can basal cell carcinoma go away on its own? No, it requires medical treatment and will not heal on its own.
- Is basal cell carcinoma painful? It is often painless, which is why it may go unnoticed in early stages.
- Can basal cell carcinoma come back? Yes, recurrence is possible, so follow-up checks are important.
Disclaimer: This information is general in nature and does not replace professional medical advice. Please consult a qualified healthcare provider for personalised recommendations.
